مجله مرکز مطالعات و توسعه آموزش علوم پزشکی یزد
سال هجدهم شماره 2 (تابستان 1402)

The problem of the weak knowledge of pharmacology among nursing students has not been well explained, and on the other hand, experiences and suggestions in the field of improving the knowledge of pharmacology of nursing students are not properly available in the nursing literature of the country, so this study aims to explain the challenge of the weak knowledge of pharmacology in nursing students of the country and to present Solutions to improve pharmacology knowledge were carried out.

This study was conducted as a review by searching the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, SID, and MagIran databases with the keywords of pharmaceutical knowledge and nursing students in the abstract and title of the articles, and the articles that examine the level of pharmaceutical knowledge Nursing students had studied in the country, and also the studies that were published in the field of providing solutions to improve the knowledge of pharmacology in nursing students were selected and analyzed in the present study.

Out of 52 reviewed articles, four internal articles investigated the status of nursing students' knowledge of pharmacology, and other internal and external studies provided improvement strategies in this field. The presented solutions were classified into two operational dimensions and teaching methods.

Based on the research done, it seems that in terms of pharmacology teaching methods, the use of combined approaches will bring more concrete results due to more suitable consequences in terms of solving the upcoming challenge.

This study aimed to assess the ecological status of the educational environment (online) from the perspective of students in the school of PublicHealth at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences.

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 287 undergraduate, graduate, and Ph.D. students from the School of Health, enterd via stratified random sampling. Two questionnaires about the online learning environments that were developed by Kaufmann and Chou were used in the study. The Kaufmann questionnaire included four domains: “instructor behaviors, student connectedness, course structure, and Course Clarity” and Chou’s questionnaire included three domains: "Learning climate, and learning satisfaction". Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software.

Our findings indicate that students viewed the ecological status of the online learning environment as moderate level. The domain ability and learning environment received a score of 3.2 ± 0.62, satisfaction with learning was rated 3.07 ± 0.73, and general learning atmosphere received a score of 3.05 ± 0.73. The teacher's behavior received 3.8 ± 0.83, the structure of the training course 2.92 ± 1.12, the ease of implementation 3.14±0.98, and the interaction of learners 3.66 ± 0.85.

Online teaching and learning is a complex process that involves various factors such as the instructor's skills, inclusiveness, course structure, and educational design. The ease of implementation and interaction of learners are also important in the learning ecology. Therefore, it is essential to have the necessary infrastructure that facilitates the teaching-learning process when planning for the creation and development of online education.

 Corresponding Author:Fatemeh Keshmiri
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Nursing is a practical profession in which clinical training is the basic medical training program. Clinical training is so important that it is considered as the core of professional education. The aim of the present study was to compare the perceptions of nursing students and clinical instructors about the actual and ideal support and supervision in a clinical setting. 

In this descriptive-analytic study, 130 nursing students and 30 clinical instructors of Gonabad Medical Science University are reviewed via census method. The data collection instrument includes the “Perception of Extent of Support and Supervision Survey” questionnaire which is designed in both real and expected status. The findings were analyzed using SPSS20 software and descriptive and analytical statistics.

There is a significant difference between the actual and ideal perception of nursing students and clinical instructors in the support and supervision domains, so in the support domain, the expectation of nursing students was not met by clinical instructors, and in the supervision domain, the actual degree of supervision is greater than the students' expectation. However, clinical instructors have believed that the ideal support and supervision of students is provided by the clinical instructor.

The results indicate that there is a gap in the view of clinical instructors and nursing students towards the actual and ideal support and supervision of students in clinical education environments. This gap may have negative effects on the clinical learning of students.

Dentists are at the forefront of viral infections such as the new coronavirus. Considering the need for dentists to increase their knowledge about emerging diseases, this study compared the impact of education through the infographic with the multimedia in informing the dentists and dental students of Birjand City about the 2019 coronavirus disease.

An interventional study was done in 2022 on 196 dentists and dental students in Birjand city, who were randomly divided into groups of education through infographic (n = 98) and education through multimedia (n = 98). The educational content was the same for the groups. A 40-point test was performed before and after the educational intervention, and the results were analyzed using chi-square and independent t-tests at a significance level of P < 0.05.

The average pre-test scores in the infographic and multimedia groups were 28.69 ± 5.38 and 28.04 ± 6.47, respectively. There was no significant difference between the knowledge scores in the two groups before the intervention (P = 0.44). The average post-test scores in the multimedia and infographic groups were 38.83 ± 1.14 and 31.11 ± 3.19, respectively. The results of the statistical tests showed that there was a significant difference between the knowledge scores after the educational intervention (P = 0.001).

Multimedia education is more effective than infographics in improving the level of knowledge, so the establishment of this educational method by health policymakers is recommended as an effective educational method in the field of emerging diseases.

In this study, the research team decided to take a step towards improving the quality of midwifery education by designing, implementing, and evaluating the midwifery internship course using the group rethinking method based on Boud et al.'s model.

  This study was a single-group semi-experimental type. Reflection was first proposed in small groups and then in a larger group and the necessary feedback was provided.  The study tool included a standard survey questionnaire and a rethinking checklist. The results of the test were analyzed by performing descriptive and analytical statistical tests, and t-tests.

The average score of the survey before reflection was 122.95 ± 10.48 and after rethinking was 131.60 ± 19.78. The findings showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the opinions of students before the beginning of the study and after the end of the study (P = 0.012). Based on the results of the checklist completed by the students, the discussed topics included: 1- labor control (28%), 2- childbirth process and postpartum care of the mother (56%), and 3- newborn care (16%).

The results of this study show that reflection has been able to be useful for students and help educators in providing correct and adequate education. During the reflection process, the instructors will have an opportunity to complete the presented material or correct it in case of students' misconceptions. As a result, reflection is a suitable auxiliary tool to improve the quality of midwifery education.

The need for medical sciences universities in Iran to develop electronic education in special conditions and crises such as epidemics and pandemics, including the COVID-19 Virus, and even in order to realize the teaching-learning systems, is so necessary. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the level of satisfaction of faculty members from E-learning systems during the COVID-19 pandemic among the selected schools in Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

This research was a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical study conducted in 2020-2022. The research population was the faculty members of selected schools of this University including 870, respectively. Sample size determination conducted by Krejcie and Morgan table consisted of 265 faculty members which was determined to be equal to 200 people by taking into account the response rate. The data collection tool was a researcher-constructed educators satisfaction with virtual learning systems questionnaire its face validity and reliability were confirmed.

The majority of faculty members as teaching users are relatively satisfied with electronic education and related offline and online systems.

Regarding the current results, most of the faculty members are relatively satisfied with the electronic education system and offline and online systems. However, the Low speed of the Internet could impact educator users. Therefore, it is recommended that providing more appropriate conditions by the empowerment of infrastructure and facilities lead to faculty member's satisfaction with electronic education for better utilization in possible crises in the future.